Sorbitan Sesquioleate

cid3

20,22

Category

Dispersants; Emulsifiers; Surfactants; Suspending Agentss; Wetting Agentss

Molecular Formula

C33H60O6.5

Molecular Weight

561

Grade

Pharmceutical Excipients

Description

Sorbitan esters occur as cream- to amber-colored liquids or solids with a distinctive odor and taste;

UNII

0W8RRI5W5A

Chemical Name

(Z)-Sorbitan sesqui-9- octadecenoate

CAS Number

8007-43-0

Synonyms

Span-83

Administration route

Oral administration, intravenous injection, general topical preparation administration, transdermal administration, sublingual administration, rectal cavity urethral administration

Dosage Form

Inhalations; IM injections; ophthalmic, oral, topical, and vaginal preparations

Stability and Storage Conditions

Gradual soap formation occurs with strong acids or bases; sorbitan esters are stable in weak acids or bases. Sorbitan esters should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place.

Source and Preparation

Sorbitol is dehydrated to form a hexitan (1, 4-sorbitan), which is then esterified with the desired fatty acid.

Applications

Sorbitan monoesters are a series of mixtures of partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides with fatty acids. Sorbitan diesters are a series of mixtures of partial esters of sorbitol and its monoanhydride with fatty acids. Sorbitan esters are widely used in cosmetics, food products, and pharmaceutical formulations as lipophilic nonionic surfactants. They are mainly used in pharmaceutical formulations as emulsifying agents in the preparation of creams, emulsions, and ointments for topical application. When used alone, sorbitan esters produce stable water-in-oil emulsions and microemulsions, but are frequently used in combination with varying proportions of a polysorbate to produce water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsions or creams of varying consistencies, and also in self-emulsifying drug delivery systems for poorly soluble compounds. Sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate and sorbitan trioleate have also been used at concentrations of 0.01-0.05% w/v in the preparation of an emulsion for intramuscular administration.

Safety

Sorbitan esters are widely used in cosmetics, food products, and oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations, and are generally regarded as nontoxic and nonirritant materials. However, there have been occasional reports of hypersensitive skin reactions following the topical application of products containing sorbitan.

Incompatibilities

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