sodium hyaluronate

Category

Humectant; lubricant; sustained-release agent

Molecular Formula

(C14H20NO11Na)n

Molecular Weight

(401.3)n

Grade

Pharmaceutical grade

Description

The PhEur describes sodium hyaluronate as the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a glycosaminoglycan consisting of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine disaccharide units.
Sodium hyaluronate occurs as white to off-white powder or granules. It is very hygroscopic.

Chemical Name

Sodium hyaluronate

CAS Number

9067-32-7

Synonyms

Hyaluronan; hyaluronate sodium; natrii hyaluronas; RITA HA C_x0002_1-C.

Administration route

Topical gel
preparation

Dosage Form

Topical gel
preparation

Stability and Storage Conditions

Sodium hyaluronate should be stored in a cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers. The powder is stable for 3 years if stored in unopened containers.

Source and Preparation

Sodium hyaluronate occurs naturally in vitreous humor, serum,chicken combs, shark skin, and whale cartilage; it is usually extracted and purified from chicken combs. It may also be manufactured by fermentation of selected Streptococcus zooepide_x0002_micus bacterial strains; sodium hyaluronate is removed from the fermentation medium by filtration and purified by ultrafiltration. It is then precipitated with an organic solvent and dried.

Applications

Sodium hyaluronate is the predominant form of hyaluronic acid at physiological pH. The name hyaluronan is used when the polysaccharide is mentioned in general terms, and in the literature
the terms hyaluronic acid and sodium hyaluronate are used interchangeably.
Hyaluronan is used therapeutically to treat osteoarthritis in the knee, and is an effective treatment for arthritic pain.Crosslinked hyaluronan gels are used as drug delivery systems.
Hyaluronan is the most common negatively charged glycosami_x0002_noglycan in the human vitreous humor, and is known to interact with polymeric and liposomal DNA complexes,where hyaluronan solutions have been shown to decrease the cellular uptake of complexes. This is useful for enhancing the availability and retention time of drugs administered to the eye. It is immunoneutral, which makes it useful for the attachment of biomaterials for use in tissue engineering and drug delivery systems; it also has important applications in the fields of vascosurgery and vascosupplementation.

Safety

Sodium hyaluronate is used in cosmetics and in topical, parenteral,and ophthalmic pharmaceutical formulations. It is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material. Sodium hyaluronate has been reported to be an experimental teratogen.
LD50 (mouse, IP): 1.5 g/kg
LD50 (rabbit, IP): 1.82 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IP): 1.77 g/kg

Incompatibilities

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