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Butylene Glycol
Product Details
Category
Preservatives; Humectants; Solvents
Molecular Formula
C4H10O2
Molecular Weight
90.14
Grade
Pharmceutical Excipients
Description
Butylene glycol occurs as a clear, colorless, viscous liquid with a sweet flavor and bitter aftertaste.
UNII
3XUS85K0RA
Chemical Name
1,3-Butanediol
CAS Number
107-88-0
Synonyms
Butane-1,3-diol; 1,3-butylene glycol; b-butylene glycol; 1,3-dihy- droxybutane; methyltrimethylene glycol.
Dosage Form
Transdermal patches;topical gel patches/medicated plasters
Stability and Storage Conditions
Butylene glycol is hygroscopic and should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place. When heated to decomposition, butylene glycol emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Source and Preparation
Butylene glycol is prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of aldol using Raney nickel.
Applications
Butylene glycol is used as a solvent and cosolvent for injectables.It is used in topical ointments, creams, and lotions,and it is also used as a vehicle in transdermal patches. Butylene glycol is a good solvent for many pharmaceuticals, especially estrogenic substances.In an oil-in-water emulsion, butylene glycol exerts its best antimicrobial effects at 8% concentration.Higher concentrations above 16.7% are required to inhibit fungal growth.
Safety
Butylene glycol is used in a wide variety of cosmetic formulations and is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic material. It ismildly toxic by oral and subcutaneous routes. In topical preparations, butylene glycol is regarded as minimally irritant. Butylene glycol can cause allergic contact dermatitis, with local sensitivity reported in patch tests. Some local irritation is produced on eye contact. LD50 (guinea pig, oral): 11.0 g/kg; LD50 (mouse, oral): 12.98 g/kg; LD50 (rat, oral): 18.61 g/kg; LD50 (rat, SC): 20.0 g/kg
Incompatibilities
Butylene glycol is incompatible with oxidizing reagents.
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