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Mammalian Cell Expression Technology

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Mammalian cell expression is the main system for recombinant protein production. It can handle the complex post-translational modifications, folding, and assembly of recombinant proteins, thus obtaining protein complexes that are superior to other systems. CD Formulation integrates mammalian cell expression technology into our internal protein production platform, offering the ultimate solution for your protein production.

What is The Mammalian Cell Expression Technology?

Mammalian expression systems are the first choice for producing most mammalian proteins with native structure and activity due to the physiologically relevant environment. The system can achieve high levels of post-translational processing and functional activity, and can effectively produce biologically active and correctly folded recombinant proteins, which are suitable for producing antibodies, vaccines, and other therapeutic proteins. However, the cultivation of mammalian systems demands a more rigorous and regulated milieu compared to other expression systems.

Fig. 1 Transient expression process in mammalian cells. Fig. 1 Schematic workflow of transient expression process in mammalian cells. (Fu Y, et al., 2024)

Our Services Related to Mammalian Cell Expression Technology

CD Formulation is one of the global leaders in the production of therapeutic proteins using mammalian cell expression technology. With our in-house proprietary mammalian cell expression platform, our scientists can efficiently produce a variety of therapeutic proteins, including monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, and fusion proteins.

Our services include but are not limited to:

Codon Optimization and Gene Synthesis (Optional)

Codon optimization of target sequence according to the codon preference of CHO or HEK293.

Vector Construction

Choose the appropriate vector type according to the experimental purpose and clone the cDNA into the expression vector.

Mammalian Cell Transfection

  • Use transient transfection expression to produce a small amount of protein in a short time.
  • Use our proprietary stable cell line platform for long-term stable production.

Expression and Purification

  • Small-scale expression, purification, and condition optimization.
  • QC analysis: SDS-PAGE, UV, etc.

Large-scale Expression and Purification (Optional)

  • A large-scale expression and purification according to the selected appropriate expression conditions.
  • QC analysis: SDS-PAGE, UV, etc.

Target Protein Identification

  • Identify the protein using qualitative or quantitative analysis methods.
  • Purified proteins (can be lyophilized).

Methods for Producing Recombinant Proteins Using Mammalian Cell

Two methods for producing recombinant proteins in mammalian cells: stably transfected cell lines and transiently transfected cell lines.

Category Application Specification
Stable Transfection Consistently express recombinant proteins at high yields.
  • Selection of transiently transfected and stably transfected cells.
  • Cell line development of stable cell pools.
  • Screening and amplification of high-expressing monoclonal clones.
Transient Transfection It is suitable for small to large-scale expression cultures.
  • Subcloning of genes into appropriate mammalian cell transient expression vectors.
  • Transient transfection, expression evaluation, and optimization.

Available Mammalian Cell Line Options

We have developed proprietary mammalian cell expression platforms based on HEK293 and CHO cell lines, allowing for high-throughput delivery and high-quality recombinant protein expression.

HEK293 Cell CHO Cell
  • Human embryonic kidney cells.
  • Transient expression.
  • Easy to transfer.
  • Suitable for suspension culture.
  • Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells.
  • Primary cell line for therapeutic protein production.
  • Suitable for suspension culture.
  • Transient and stable expression.

Available Mammalian Protein Expression System Options

CD Formulation provides a flexible option for mammalian protein expression to produce functional mammalian proteins with appropriate post-translational modifications such as disulfide bonds, glycosylation, and phosphorylation.

Mammalian Transient Protein Expression

Mammalian transient protein expression technology enables rapid and flexible protein production, especially for the expression of human and other mammalian proteins. This technology can specifically produce natively folded proteins with post-translational modifications (such as glycosylation), which are often difficult to achieve in other expression systems.

Constitutive Mammalian Protein Expression

Constitutive mammalian systems utilize efficient expression vectors to enable the production of large amounts of protein. This enables extremely high levels of recombinant protein production in adherent or suspension-adapted mammalian cells.

Inducible Mammalian Protein Expression

Inducible mammalian expression systems can regulate protein expression using a CMV promoter and a tetracycline resistance control element. This system can effectively repress transcriptional activity and release this repression when needed. In the repressed state, these cell lines have low basal expression levels, while expression levels are significantly increased upon induction with tetracycline.

Custom Mammalian Cell Expression Services

Therapeutic Protein Production

The mammalian cell expression is the preferred expression platform for producing mammalian proteins with the most natural structure and activity and is commonly used to produce antibodies and therapeutic proteins. Leverage our innovative mammalian cell protein expression platform for efficient and safe protein drug production.

Features of Mammalian Cell Expression Technology

  • Capable of complex post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation, phosphorylation, carboxylation, etc.
  • Has a good molecular chaperone system that can help proteins fold correctly.
  • The culture conditions are relatively mild and can adapt to a wide range of bioprocessing conditions.
  • The produced protein has a similar structure and function to the natural protein.
  • Easily transfect recombinant DNA.
  • Has a good gene expression regulation mechanism, and the expression of the target protein can be optimized through different induction conditions.
  • The protein can be secreted into the culture medium and the purification process is simple.
  • Stable transfection can achieve higher yields, scalability, and reproducible production.

Publication

Published Data

Technology: Mammalian Cell Expression Technology

Journal: Sci Rep.

IF: 3.8

Published: 2019

Results:

The authors developed a fully human expression system based on HEK293 cells for stable and high-titer recombinant protein production. GLUL (encoding glutamine synthetase) was first knocked out using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. An expression vector using human GLUL as a selection marker was then generated for recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) as our model protein. The selection was performed using methionine sulfoximine (MSX) to select high EPO-expressing cells. The results showed EPO production up to 92700 U/mL in a 2 L stirred fed-batch bioreactor, and the N-glycosylation of the produced EPO was similar to the endogenous human protein, and no non-human glycan epitopes were detected.

Fig. 2 HEK293 GLUL knockout (KO) cells generation.Fig. 2 Generation of HEK293 GLUL knockout (KO) cells. (Chin CL, et al., 2019)

Thanks to our in-house advanced mammalian cell expression platform, CD Formulation is committed to providing efficient and economical production of therapeutic proteins. Please feel free to contact us if you are interested in our services. Learn how our mammalian cell expression technology can support your recombinant protein synthesis projects.  

References

  1. Fu Y, Han Z, Cheng W, Niu S, Wang T, Wang X. Improvement strategies for transient gene expression in mammalian cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024;108(1):480.
  2. Zou Z, Spencer M, Sun PD. Developing a secretory AcGFP1-based IRES expression system for efficient production of mammalian recombinant proteins. Protein Expr Purif. 2022;192:106029.
  3. Chin CL, Goh JB, Srinivasan H, et al. A human expression system based on HEK293 for the stable production of recombinant erythropoietin. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):16768.
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