Long Peptide Synthesis

Long peptides with more than 50 to 200 amino acids are needed in different types of research, such as cancer treatment vaccines. With decades of hands-on experience in peptide synthesis and research, CD Formulation has overcome the challenges of making longer peptide sequences by developing competitive fragment synthesis and chemical ligation technologies, even for peptides up to 100 amino acids or more in length. During the preparation process of long peptides, our scientists will thoroughly evaluate the target peptide sequence and select the most promising synthesis method.

What is Long Peptide?

In general, peptides are molecules composed of amino acids connected by peptide bonds, and their length can range from a few amino acids to dozens or even hundreds of amino acids. Long peptides are peptide chains composed of longer amino acid chains relative to short peptides, and they usually contain more than 50 amino acid residues. Compared with short peptides, long peptides have more complex structures and functions. Long peptides with amino acid sequences of more than 50 to 200 are required in different types of studies. These peptides can participate in a wider range of biological processes, such as antigens for vaccine development, as drugs or therapeutic agents, and play a key role in cell signaling, immune response, and cell-to-cell interactions.

Fig. 1 Boc-based long peptide synthesis. (Corradin G, et al., 2004)

Explore Our Custom Long Peptide Synthesis Services

At CD Formulation, our team of peptide synthesis experts has the expertise and specific skills to design and synthesize high-quality long peptides for a variety of applications based on your needs.

Our scientists are familiar with a variety of synthesis techniques, including solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), liquid-phase peptide synthesis (LPPS), and chemo-enzymatic peptide synthesis (CEPS), allowing us to select the most appropriate technology to support each individual peptide synthesis project. At the same time, we strictly follow quality control standards to ensure that we provide you with high-purity, low-impurity peptide products.

To successfully synthesize long peptides, our peptide synthesis experts have described and applied a variety of strategies. Our long peptide synthesis services include but are not limited to the following:

• We typically prepare peptides from 10 to 70 residues in length by direct SPPS chemical synthesis. Depending on your needs, combined strategies using solution fragment condensation or even hybrid approaches involving solid phase coupling of protected peptide fragments can be developed specifically for each product.
• For long peptides up to 150~200 amino acids in length, we utilize chemoenzymatic peptide synthesis (CEPS).
• We can also utilize native chemical ligation (NCL) to make longer peptides and potentially mini-proteins, using a fully deprotected peptide fragment (with an N-terminal Cys residue) and another fragment containing a C-terminal thioester.
• We can also condense peptide fragments using (chemoselective) enzymes. This technology condenses a C-terminal-protected peptide with an N-terminal-protected peptide, and the new long peptide is the sum of the chain lengths of the two protected peptides. Peptide sequences up to 150 amino acids in length can be easily assembled in solution using this novel approach.

Our Synthesis Strategies for Long Peptide

Most peptides can be synthesized in a linear fashion via SPPS. However, long peptides with sequences greater than 70 amino acids require alternative techniques for synthesis. This is due to various factors that lead to inefficient coupling and deprotection, such as poor solvation of protected peptides during synthesis and intermolecular hydrogen bonding between fragments.

Our custom long peptide synthesis uses fragment synthesis and chemical ligation techniques to allow chemoselective reactions of unprotected peptide chains in an aqueous solution. The most common form of chemical ligation involves peptide thioesters reacting with terminal cysteine residues.

Chemoenzymatic Peptide Synthesis (CEPS)

CEPS is a cutting-edge technology for synthesizing longer peptides. The technology uses unique multifunctional engineered enzymes for traceless peptide ligation. This is the simplest way to obtain long peptides in active conformations without the need for recombinant. CEPS is suitable for the production of long peptides up to 150-200 amino acids in length, such as chemokines, cytokines, and nanobodies.

Fragment Synthesis Method

An effective peptide synthesis strategy, especially suitable for the synthesis and purification of long peptides. The core of this method is to decompose the target long peptide into multiple smaller fragments, then synthesize these fragments separately, and finally connect them through chemical reactions.

Hydrazide Synthesis Method

The hydrazide synthesis method refers to the formation of amide bonds between N-terminal Cys peptides and C-terminal hydrazides through chemical selective reactions in SPPS to achieve the assembly of long peptide chains. The hydrazide synthesis method is to synthesize the entire peptide chain into multiple sequences, then synthesize each peptide chain separately according to the position of Cys, and finally obtain the target long peptide through a liquid phase condensation reaction.

Microwave Synthesis Method

When some amino acids are difficult to condense during the synthesis process, we use microwave synthesis technology. This method has many advantages such as shortening the reaction time and reducing the generation of by-products.

Peptide Manufacturing & Analytical Services

In addition to peptide synthesis capabilities, CD Formulation combines flexible GMP manufacturing facilities with cutting-edge peptide analytical knowledge to provide a full range of quality control testing services to accelerate the commercialization of your products, including:

Publication

CD Formulation's long peptide synthesis services are tailored to meet the specific needs of researchers and organizations seeking high-quality peptides for drug discovery, vaccine development, diagnostics, and other scientific endeavors. Please don't hesitate to contact us if you are interested in our services. We look forward to cooperating with you.

How It Works

STEP 1

Submit a service request describing your specific research or development need.

STEP 2

We'll email you to provide your quote and confirm order details if applicable.

STEP 3

Execute the project with real-time communication, and deliver the final report promptly.