The visualization analysis of the nanostructure of nano transdermal formulations is an important research method, which can help us to have a deeper understanding of the transdermal absorption mechanism of nano transdermal formulations and the distribution of drugs in the skin. CD Formulation can provide you with professional nanostructure visualization analysis of nano transdermal formulation.
Nanotransdermal formulations refer to drug delivery systems prepared using nanotechnology that can enhance the transdermal absorption of drugs. Such preparations usually have nanoscale sizes and can penetrate the skin barrier to deliver drugs to the subcutaneous tissue or blood, thereby achieving therapeutic effects. We combine knowledge from multiple disciplines such as chemistry, physics, biology, and materials science, and use visualization analysis of nanostructures to help you understand the structure-property relationship of nanotransdermal formulations to ensure their efficacy, safety, and stability.
Fig.1 Flow chart of nanostructures visualization analysis of nano transdermal formulations. (CD Formulation)
Prepare the corresponding samples according to the characteristics of nano transdermal formulations and the purpose of analysis.
Select the appropriate visualization technology for nano transdermal formulations.
Set the corresponding parameters according to the characteristics of the selected visualization technology.
Observe and analyze the formulations using the selected visualization technology. Record and analyze information such as the morphology, size, distribution, and dynamic process of nanoparticles.
Interpret the characteristics of nanostructures in combination with the preparation method and application purpose of nano transdermal formulations.
Technologies | Description |
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X-ray Diffraction (XRD) | Used to determine the crystallinity, crystal structure, and phase composition of nanoparticles or carrier materials in transdermal formulations. |
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) | Ideal for detailed examination of internal nanostructures such as core-shell structure, crystallinity, and particle morphology. It helps understand the internal organization and integrity of nanoformulations. |
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) | Used to visualize surface morphology, particle size, shape, and distribution in transdermal formulations. It provides insight into the structure of nanocarriers or nanoparticles used in formulations. |
Technology: Methods to nanostructures visualization analysis
Journal: Nanoscale Advances
IF: 4.7
Published: 2023
Results: Fluorescence spectroscopy can be used to track skin penetration in vivo by exciting fluorophores connected to the nanocarrier (normally in the UV to near IR spectral range). Endogenous fluorophores (porphyrins, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), collagen, and elastin), fluoresce pharmaceuticals, and exogenous fluorophores are examples of these fluorophores. For example, the transport capacity of zinc(ii) phthalocyanine (ZnPc)-loaded small NPs in the skin has been investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy. The distribution of ZnPc-NPs/(2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) in different skin layers can be observed. Besides using fluorescence intensity or the emission wavelength as a readout, fluorescence lifetime and time-resolved anisotropy can be employed. Fluorescence lifetime is highly sensitive to the environment and therefore allows, among others, sensing of polarity, pH, calcium concentration, or biomolecular interaction. The analysis of time-resolved anisotropy provides insights into the molecular dynamics of the nanocarrier.
Fig.2 Preparation and evaluation of polymer NPs through the skin. (A) Poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (3-caprolactone)-amphiphilic diblock copolymer (PEG-b-PCL) NPs coupled with (2-hydroxypropyl)-b-cyclodextrin (HPbCD) NPs as a novel vehicle for the transdermal delivery of highly lipophilic compounds. (B) The evaluation and characterization of NPs. (i) TEM image of ZnPc-NPs (0.2% theoretical loading) and (ii) colloidal properties of freeze dried ZnPc-NPs/HPbCD stored in the dark at 4 °C after dispersion in water. (C) Fluorescence images of ski sections after 24 h of permeation experiment. ZnPc red fluorescence can be observed. Merged pictures were obtained by superimposing brightfield and fluorescence images of the same area. Scale bar: 500 mm. (Lijun Liu, et al. 2023)
CD Formulation provides you with professional nanostructure visualization analysis of nano transdermal formulations. If you have any needs, please feel free to contact us and our colleagues will reply to you within three working days.
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