Pulmonary delivery of proteins/peptides has been considered a viable alternative to parenteral administration for systemic drug delivery. With a deep understanding of the protective mechanisms of the lungs and pharmaceutical issues related to protein/peptide delivery, CD Formulation has been committed to the development of inhaled protein/peptide products for decades and can overcome a series of biological challenges, providing you with unparalleled protein/peptide inhalation delivery system development solutions.
Protein and peptide drugs have become a research hotspot in recent years due to their obvious advantages such as strong efficacy, high specificity, and high safety. However, most of the current clinical products are administered by non-intestinal routes, which are less convenient to administer. The lung is an attractive non-invasive alternative route for biologics to treat respiratory and systemic diseases. Compared with parenteral delivery, pulmonary delivery of proteins/peptides has the following potential advantages, including:
However, there are still many difficulties in the development of protein/peptide inhalation delivery products. Rational formulation design strategies and selection of delivery devices are key steps to address these challenges.
Fig. 1 Specific challenges in the administration of protein/peptide by inhalation. (Fröhlich E, et al., 2021)
With decades of experience supporting protein/peptide inhalation therapy development for clients worldwide, our expert provides one-stop formulation development, product characterization studies, method development and validation, inhalation product analysis and testing, and preclinical manufacturing services.
Unlike small molecules, the particle surface properties of large molecules such as proteins and peptides are key criteria for the distribution and retention of these active pharmaceutical molecules in the lungs. Our researchers typically formulate dry powder formulations using a single spray-drying or freeze-drying process and a combination of the two processes. We also provide protein/peptide nebulized solution/suspension product development services, if you need them.
Our comprehensive protein/peptide pulmonary product development services and unique project management approach enable you to achieve success quickly and help you accelerate your product launch.
Our expertise covers the formulation and delivery system development of the following protein/peptide products.
Fig. 2 Types of protein/peptide inhalation products we can develop. (CD Formulation)
The type of inhaler is critical for the delivery of proteins/peptides. Taking into account the clinical application requirements, at CD Formulation, three types of inhalers are used to support the development of your protein/peptide inhalation delivery system, including:
Professional analysis and testing under controlled conditions and following established robust methods are essential for characterizing inhaled protein/peptide products. Our scientists have expertise in the development and testing of inhaled proteins/peptides to fully characterize inhaled proteins/peptides according to ICH Q6B guidelines and determine if the inhalation device delivery mechanism affects key parameters such as protein/peptide structure, purity, stability, and activity.
Available Test Items | Technology |
Dose Uniformity | UPLC/HPLC |
Particle/Droplet Size | Laser Diffraction, pneumatic cascade impaction testing. |
Powder/Particle Characterization | Powder rheology testing, particle size analyzers, and morphology/shape analyzers. |
Stability Testing | Storage stability, long-term stability, and accelerated stability. |
Product Characterization Studies | Usage studies, temperature cycling, photostability, stability storage, drop/shake, wake curves, and flow rate studies. |
Extractable/Leachable Testing | UPLC/HPLC, gas chromatography (liquid, headspace, solid phase microextraction, FID, MS, MS/MS), FT/IR. |
A solution containing protein/peptide active drug molecules can be spray-dried in one step to obtain dry fine powder. This technology is suitable for organic and water-soluble drugs, but not for heat-sensitive proteins/peptides.
A solution containing protein/peptide active drug molecules is first atomized into a refrigerant (usually liquid nitrogen) and then freeze-dried. This technology is suitable for thermosensitive formulations that are not suitable for spray drying. SFD particles usually have a porous structure and good aerosol properties, making them particularly suitable for inhalation.
A solution containing protein/peptide active drug molecules is dissolved in a supercritical fluid (SF). The rapid expansion of the SF solution causes rapid nucleation of the solute, producing very fine micronized particles. SF powder is spherical, uniform in shape, and smooth in surface.
Published Data
Technology: Nebulized Solution Technology
Journal: Comparative Study
IF: 4.3
Published: 2013
Results:
The authors designed and prepared an aerosol formulation of insulin-like growth factor-I for pulmonary delivery. The effects of buffer type (acetate, citrate, histidine, and succinate), sodium chloride concentration (50-150 mM), and pH (4.5-6.5) on the stability of insulin-like growth factor-I were evaluated. The nebulization performance of the IGF-I formulation, including aerosol output rate, mass median aerodynamic diameter, and fine particle fraction, was evaluated. The results showed that IGF-I integrity was preserved in the histidine buffer, and no aggregation was observed after delivery from an air jet or vibrating mesh nebulizer. The nebulization performance was comparable to the 0.9% sodium chloride reference value. This suggests that this liquid IGF-I formulation is suitable for pulmonary application.
Fig. 3 Graphical abstract for an aerosol formulation of insulin-like growth factor-I for pulmonary delivery. (Germershaus O, et al., 2013)
CD Formulation is always at the forefront of protein/peptide inhaled delivery system development, mastering the most cutting-edge technologies and methods. Please don't hesitate to contact us if you are interested in our services.
References